Thomas Aquinas’s Third Way (Via Tertio), outlined in his Summa Theologiae, argues for the existence of God through the concepts of contingency and necessity. This argument centres on the observation that the existence of contingent beings (those that depend on external factors for their existence) requires the existence of a necessary being, which Aquinas identifies […]
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St. Thomas Aquinas’ First Way (from Change) and Second Way (from Efficient Causes) are foundational arguments in his Five Ways for proving the existence of God. These arguments reveal Aquinas’ deep metaphysical insight into the nature of existence, causation, and change. While closely related, they address distinct aspects of reality. Understanding these arguments also requires
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Introduction The Pelagian controversy, one of the most pivotal theological debates in Christian history, emerged in the early 5th century and fundamentally shaped doctrines of human nature, sin, grace, and salvation. At its heart was a profound clash between two theological systems: the optimistic anthropology of Pelagius, a British monk, and the deeply grace-centred theology
Grace, Sin, And Free Will: The Pelagian-Augustinian Debate Unveiled Read More »
It is the greatest paradox in history, the most beautiful and terrible moment ever to occur—the Cross. For centuries, men have meditated upon it, puzzled over its meaning, and even sought to reject it. Yet, for those who follow Christ, it is the centrepiece of our faith, a symbol of love, suffering, sacrifice, and victory.
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In Chapter 3 of Volume 2 of Jesus of Nazareth, Pope Benedict XVI reflects on the profound symbolism behind the washing of the feet. He explains that “those who have bathed” refers to those who have been baptised. They do not need to be washed all over again, but only their feet, which signifies that
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Nestorianism, named after its chief proponent Nestorius, emerged as a significant theological controversy in the early Christian church, particularly concerning the nature of Christ and the proper title for the Virgin Mary. This heresy, which was later condemned by the church, revolved around complex doctrinal disagreements about Christ’s divine and human natures, and it left
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Arianism: Denied the full divinity of Jesus Christ, claiming He was a created being, not co-eternal with the Father.… Read More » Nestorianism: Claimed that Christ had two separate persons, one human and one divine, rejecting the title “Mother of God” for Mary. …Read More » Pelagianism: Taught that original sin did not taint human nature
The Great Heresies of the Church Read More »
Arianism, named after the Alexandrian presbyter Arius (c. 250–336 AD), represents one of the most significant theological challenges in early Christian history.1 It sparked one of the most contentious and long-lasting conflicts within the early Church, leaving an indelible mark on Christian doctrine and ecclesiastical politics. The Arian controversy revolved around the nature of Christ’s
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The life of Ignatius of Antioch, one of the most influential figures in early Christianity, offers a stirring testament to faith, leadership, and sacrifice. Born around 35 AD, Ignatius became the bishop of Antioch, one of the most important cities in the Roman Empire and a key centre of early Christian thought and missionary activity.
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The Meaning of “I Am” Throughout the Gospels, especially in the Gospel of John, Jesus often refers to Himself using the phrase “I Am”, a term that is deeply rooted in the Old Testament. This title carries immense theological weight and reveals Jesus’ divine nature and oneness with God. In this final post of the
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