The New Prophecy and the Old Faith: Montanism’s Challenge to Early Christianity

The New Prophecy and the Old Faith: Montanism’s Challenge to Early Christianity

Introduction: The Challenge of the “New Prophecy” Among the many theological challenges that confronted the early Church, few were as provocative or enduring in their implications as Montanism. Emerging in the latter half of the second century in Phrygia, a region of Asia Minor, Montanism presented itself not as a rival religion, but as a […]

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The Mosaic of Christ Pantocrator in Monreale Cathedral

Why Monophysitism Is Heretical: A Catholic Perspective On Christology

Introduction Monophysitism—from the Greek monos (single) and physis (nature)—represents a significant theological controversy in early Christian history. This Christological doctrine asserts that Jesus Christ possessed only a divine nature, rather than the two natures—divine and human—taught by Catholic doctrine. The Catholic position, known as the hypostatic union, maintains that in the single person of Jesus

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An oil painting in the Baroque style depicting Jesus Christ in radiant light, with a visible, tangible human body, emphasizing both his divinity and humanity.

Christ in Flesh and Spirit: The Catholic Rejection of Docetism

I. Introduction: Defining Docetism and its Initial Appearance in Early Christianity Docetism, a term originating from the Greek word “dokein” (δοκεῖν), signifying “to seem” or “to appear,” represents an early Christian belief that was subsequently identified and condemned as a heresy within the developing orthodox tradition. At its core, Docetism espoused the notion that Jesus

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An oil painting depicting a mystical scene inspired by Gnostic themes, featuring a cosmic struggle between light and darkness, symbolizing the dualistic worldview of Gnosticism.

How Did Gnosticism Challenge The True Faith?

The Subtle Danger of Gnostic Thought In the twilight years of the apostolic age, as the last disciples of Christ’s original followers passed from the scene, a new and dangerous movement began infiltrating Christian communities across the Roman Empire. This movement, which would come to be known as Gnosticism, presented itself not as a rival

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Overcome Satan's misanthropic vision

How To Overcome Satan’s Misanthropic Vision For Humanity

Misanthropy, the deep-seated distrust or hatred of humanity, has resurged in various forms throughout history, often with devastating consequences. Whether in the nihilistic movements of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the anti-natalist ideologies of today, or the totalitarian regimes that have justified mass slaughter, the devaluation of human life always leads to suffering.

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Reincarnation vs. Christianity: The Truth About Life After Death

Reincarnation vs. Christianity: The Truth About Life After Death

Reincarnation—the belief that souls undergo a cycle of death and rebirth in new bodies—is common in many Eastern religions, such as Hinduism and Buddhism. However, the Catholic Church and Christianity as a whole firmly reject reincarnation as incompatible with divine revelation, human dignity, and the nature of salvation. This rejection is based on Sacred Scripture,

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Grace, free will, and salvation: The Rich Man and Lazarus

Grace, Free Will & Salvation: The Parable of Lazarus

“If they do not listen to Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be convinced if someone should rise from the dead.”—Luke 16:31 There is something rather alarming about this passage. It suggests a kind of blindness in the human heart so stubborn that even a miracle—one as dramatic as resurrection itself—would fail to open

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The Great Escape: Your Life as an Exodus from Egypt

There are stories that seem to belong to history, neatly tucked away in the past, like ancient relics behind museum glass. And then there are stories that, despite their age, feel startlingly alive, as though they are whispering some great secret about our own lives—if only we have the ears to hear it. The Exodus

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The Mysterious Presence of the Hidden God

The Mysterious Presence of the Hidden God

A Personal Reflection on Divine Hiddenness During a period of Eucharistic Adoration, I witnessed something interesting that sparked this reflection. As sunlight streamed through a stained glass window containing small round glass beads, it cast a spectrum of vibrant colours across the painted wall near the tabernacle. This simple yet insightful physical phenomenon—white light revealing

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